When Ought to You Get a DEXA Scan? Speci...

Bone loss begins to speed up for all girls of their mid-30s, so in the event you’re below 50 and assume DEXA scans and bone density issues don’t apply to you—maintain up.

That is data you’ll need below your belt sooner slightly than later. Let’s discuss why.

What’s a DEXA Scan?

A DEXA scan (quick for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) is a fast, non-invasive check that measures the mineral content material of your bones to evaluate bone density and monitor modifications over time.

Whereas it makes use of a small quantity of radiation, publicity is minimal—about one-tenth that of a chest x-ray and fewer than what you’d get from a single day of background radiation.

The scan takes about 10 minutes. You’ll lie on a desk whereas an imaging arm passes over key websites—mostly the lumbar backbone, hip, femoral neck, and wrist.

Why You May Want a DEXA Scan Sooner Than You Assume

At this 12 months’s BHOF Interdisciplinary Symposium on Osteoporosis, girls’s well being researcher Dr. Amanda Clark stated plainly: “Ready till age 65 to judge skeletal well being is simply too late.”

Why? As a result of girls start to lose bone quickly within the 12 months earlier than their ultimate menstrual interval (the official marker of menopause), and that elevated price of loss continues for about two years after. On this quick window, girls lose a mean of 10% of their whole bone mass.

For the reason that common age of menopause is between 45 and 55, a lady may very well be dropping bone for 10 to twenty years with none consciousness or intervention.

Bone reworking—a wholesome, lifelong course of wherein outdated or broken bone is damaged down and changed by new tissue—slows over time. By our mid-30s, bone resorption begins to outpace bone formation, leading to a gradual however regular decline in bone mass.

This loss accelerates through the menopausal transition, when estrogen—a key driver of bone formation—declines.

Whereas the CDC and the Bone Well being & Osteoporosis Basis (BHOF) nonetheless advocate a primary DEXA scan at age 65, many specialists are calling for up to date tips that mirror rising proof: Girls profit from having a baseline scan a lot earlier. Quite a few danger elements already qualify many ladies for early screening—and insurance coverage will sometimes cowl the scan with a physician’s prescription indicating only one.

The best way to Get a Baseline DEXA Sooner

Insurance coverage sometimes covers a DEXA scan when osteoporosis danger is medically justified. With so many danger elements—starting from physique composition to medicines—most ladies are possible lined for early testing.

Under is a non-exhaustive record of danger classes that can assist you start a dialog together with your healthcare supplier:

Physique Composition & Demographic Danger Elements

• Low Physique Weight / Slender Construct – Much less bone mass will increase vulnerability to loss.

• Race – White and Asian girls face a better danger of osteoporosis.

• Household Historical past – A mum or dad with osteoporosis or a fragility fracture raises your danger.*

• Fall Historical past – A bent to fall will increase fracture danger.*

Even minor falls (from standing peak or much less) that end in fractures must be thought of purple flags. For instance, in case your mother broke her wrist tripping over a rug, that’s thought of a fragility fracture—even when she wasn’t formally identified with osteoporosis.

Hormonal & Reproductive Elements

• Menopause-Associated Hormone Decline

• Early Menopause (pure or surgical)

• Amenorrhea / Irregular Menstrual Cycles

Dietary & Consuming Conduct Elements

Way of life Elements

Illness-Associated Elements

• Endocrine & Hormonal Problems (e.g., hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s)

• Gastrointestinal Illnesses (e.g., celiac, Crohn’s)

• Autoimmune Circumstances (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)

• Most cancers

• HIV/AIDS

• Anorexia Nervosa

• Vertebral Abnormalities (e.g., scoliosis, unexplained peak loss)

Treatment-Associated Elements

• Glucocorticoids / ACTH

• Antiepileptic Medicine

• Most cancers Hormonal Therapies

• Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

• SSRIs (Antidepressants)

• Thiazolidinediones (for Sort 2 Diabetes)

Along with this record, on-line instruments such because the International Osteoporosis Foundation Risk Check, FRAX Fracture Risk Assessment Tool, and Garvan Fracture Risk Calculator might help estimate your osteoporosis and fracture dangers.

Can I Get a DEXA Scan if I Don’t Have Any Danger Elements?

Sure—you may nonetheless select to get one. Out-of-pocket prices sometimes vary from $100–$250, and you may typically use HSA/FSA funds. Whereas it’s an upfront expense, contemplate it an funding in prevention.

A baseline scan offers you information. And information offers you energy.

Be sure you name forward—not all imaging facilities supply self-pay DEXA scans with out a referral.

What Do My DEXA Outcomes Imply?

DEXA scan outcomes are sometimes reported as T-scores and Z-scores.

• The T-score compares your bone mineral density (BMD) to that of a wholesome 30-year-old grownup of the identical organic intercourse (thought of peak bone mass).
• The Z-score compares your BMD to the common of individuals your age and intercourse.

Osteoporosis is identified utilizing the T-score. A decrease (extra adverse) rating signifies larger bone loss:

Notice: Z-scores could also be extra helpful for figuring out secondary causes of bone loss in youthful girls and premenopausal populations.

• A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 signifies low bone mass (osteopenia).
• A T-score of -2.5 or decrease signifies osteoporosis.

Every T-score level roughly correlates with a proportion of bone loss. For instance:

• A T-score of -1.0 displays about 10% bone loss
• A T-score of -2.5 displays roughly 25% bone loss

The Backside Line

Given the big selection of danger elements, most ladies are eligible—and clever—to get an early DEXA scan. Don’t assume your bones are wholesome simply since you really feel wholesome.

Speak together with your physician about your private danger profile and ask for a prescription to get a baseline scan. Out of your mid-30s on, bone loss is going on whether or not you see it or not.

The excellent news? You may gradual it down and even construct bone by participating in confirmed, proactive methods like progressive strength training and impact training. And since peak bone mass is usually achieved by early maturity, we additionally must encourage the subsequent technology—our youngsters and teenagers—to interact in bone-building actions now, in order that they’ll have a stronger basis for many years to return.

Hold lifting, leaping, and looking for sturdy bones at all ages. —Karin

References:

• Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention (CDC).(2024). DEXA Scans: Info and Stats. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-health/data-research/facts-stats/dexa-scan.html
• Nationwide Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Pores and skin Illnesses (NIAMS).(n.d.). Osteoporosis. Nationwide Institutes of Well being. Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis
• Cosman, F. et al.(2024). Proceedings of the 2024 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: Replace on the Administration of Osteoporosis and Uncommon Bone Illnesses. Bone Studies. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1094695024000921
• Worldwide Osteoporosis Basis (IOF).(n.d.). Osteoporosis Sources and Danger Instruments. Retrieved from https://www.osteoporosis.foundation
• Examine of Girls’s Well being Throughout the Nation (SWAN).(2023). Bone Well being Truth Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.swanstudy.org/wps/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/SWAN-Fact-Sheets-Bone.pdf
• College of Alabama at Birmingham.(n.d.). Step 2: Bone Density Testing – Value. UAB Tone Your Bones. Retrieved from https://www.uab.edu/shp/toneyourbones/step-2-bone-density-testing/cost
• Sidecar Well being.(n.d.). DEXA Scan Value: Value Lookup Device. Retrieved from https://cost.sidecarhealth.com/c/dexa-scan-cost
• Florencio-Silva, R., et al.(2015). Biology of Bone Tissue: Construction, Perform, and Elements That Affect Bone Cells. BioMed Analysis Worldwide, 2015, Article ID 421746. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/421746
• NIH Consensus Growth Panel.(2001). Osteoporosis Prevention, Analysis, and Remedy. JAMA, 285(6), 785–795. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.6.785
• Nieves, J. W.(2005). Skeletal Results of Vitamins and Nutraceuticals, Past Calcium and Vitamin D. Osteoporosis Worldwide, 16(7), 773–782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-005-1919-7
• Riggs, B. L., & Melton, L. J.(1986). Involutional Osteoporosis. New England Journal of Drugs, 314(26), 1676–1686. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198606263142605
• Krabbe, S., & Christiansen, C.(1984). Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Girls. Journal of Scientific Endocrinology & Metabolism, 59(2), 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-59-2-373